SSC CGL Syllogisms Questions & Solutions

A sample of real SSC CGL Syllogisms past-year questions, each with a worked solution and the correct answer highlighted. AthenaPrep has 318 Syllogisms questions in all — sign up free to practise them timed.

Q1.SSC 2024
In the following question below are given some statements followed by some conclusions based on those statements .
Taking the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusion logically follows the given statements.

Statements:
I. Some H are R.
II. No P are H.

Conclusions:
I. Some P are H.
II. Some R are not P.
- Both conclusions I and II follows
- Only conclusion II follows
- Only conclusion I follows
- Neither conclusion follows
Show solution
Given statements: I. Some H are R. II. No P are H.
Conclusion I: Some P are H - This does not follow because if no P are H, then some P cannot be H.
Conclusion II: Some R are not P - This follows because if some H are R and no P are H, then it implies some R must not be P.
Thus, only conclusion II follows.

— worked solution by Athena AI
Q2.SSC 2023
Two statements are given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.

Statements:
All black is white.
Some white is grey.

Conclusions:
I. Some grey is black.
II. Some white is black.
- Only conclusion I follows
- Neither conclusion I nor II follows
- Only conclusion II follows
- Both conclusions I and II follow
Show solution
Given statements: All black is white. Some white is grey.
Conclusions:
I. Some grey is black. (This is not true since all black is white, and some white is grey does not imply any grey is black.)
II. Some white is black. (This is true since all black is included in white.)
Only conclusion II follows. Therefore, the correct option is C.

— worked solution by Athena AI
Q3.SSC 2023
In this question, three statements are given, followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follows/follow from the statements.

Statements:
I. Some rooms are cages.
II. Some cages are enclosures.
III. All enclosures are houses.

Conclusions:
I. Some houses are cages.
II. All rooms are enclosures.
- Both conclusions I and II follow
- Only conclusion I follows
- Neither conclusion I nor II follows
- Only conclusion II follows
Show solution
Given statements: Some rooms are cages, some cages are enclosures, and all enclosures are houses.
Conclusion I: Some houses are cages. This follows since some cages are enclosures which are houses.
Conclusion II: All rooms are enclosures. This does not follow as only some rooms are cages.
Thus, only Conclusion I follows. The correct option is B.

— worked solution by Athena AI
Q4.SSC 2021
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some cards are postcards.
Some cards are envelopes.
All envelopes are copies.
Conclusions:
I. Some copies are envelopes.
II. Some postcards are copies.
III. Some cards are copies.
- Only conclusions II and III follow
- Only conclusions I and II follow
- Only conclusion I follows
- Only conclusions I and III follow
Show solution
Given statements:
Some cards are postcards. Some cards are envelopes. All envelopes are copies.
Conclusion I: Some copies are envelopes. (Follows; since all envelopes are copies.)
Conclusion II: Some postcards are copies. (Does not follow; we cannot conclude this directly.)
Conclusion III: Some cards are copies. (Does not follow; we cannot conclude this directly.)
Thus, only conclusion I follows. The correct option is D.

— worked solution by Athena AI
Q5.SSC 2021
Two statements are given followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.

Statements:
All pigeons are crows.
No crow is a bird.

Conclusions:
I. Some crows are pigeons.
II. Some pigeons are birds.
III. No pigeon is a bird
- Only conclusions I and II follow.
- Either conclusion II or III follows.
- Only conclusions I and III follow
- Only conclusions II and III follow.
Show solution
Given statements: All pigeons are crows and no crow is a bird.
Conclusion I: Some crows are pigeons - follows as all pigeons are indeed crows.
Conclusion II: Some pigeons are birds - does not follow as no crow is a bird.
Conclusion III: No pigeon is a bird - follows since all pigeons are crows and no crow is a bird.
Thus, only conclusions I and III follow.

— worked solution by Athena AI
Q6.SSC 2021
Two statements are given, followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming
the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known
facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All papers are scissors.
Some scissors are stones.
Conclusions:
I. All scissors are papers.
II. Some stones are scissors.
- Both conclusions I and II follow.
- Only conclusion II follows.
- Only conclusion I follows.
- Neither conclusion I nor II follows.
Show solution
Given:
1. All papers are scissors.
2. Some scissors are stones.
Conclusion I: All scissors are papers - does not follow as it contradicts the possibility of some scissors being stones.
Conclusion II: Some stones are scissors - follows from statement 2.
Thus, only conclusion II follows. Therefore, the correct option is B.

— worked solution by Athena AI
Q7.SSC 2021
Three statements are followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true even if they do not conform to real-world knowledge, decide which of the conclusions logically follows/follow from the statements.

Statements:
1. All uncles are relatives.
2. Some relatives are neighbours.
3. All neighbours are employed.

Conclusions:
I. Some neighbours are uncles.
II. Some uncles are employed.
III. Some relatives are employed.
- Only conclusions I and II follow
- Only conclusions II and III follow
- Only conclusion III follows
- Only conclusion I follows
Show solution
From the statements, we know that all uncles are relatives, some relatives are neighbours, and all neighbours are employed. Therefore:
Conclusion I: Some neighbours are uncles (Not necessarily true).
Conclusion II: Some uncles are employed (Not necessarily true).
Conclusion III: Some relatives are employed (True, as some relatives are neighbours who are employed).
Thus, the correct option is C: Only conclusion III follows.

— worked solution by Athena AI
Q8.SSC 2020
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
1. All toys are pens.
2. All games are pens.
Conclusions:
I. No toy is a game.
II. No pen is a game.
III. Some toys are games.
- Only conclusionsI and II follow.
- Only conclusions II and III follow.
- All conclusionsI, II and III follow.
- Either conclusion I or III follows.
Show solution
From Venn diagram,
Either conclusion I or III follows.
$\therefore$ The correct answer is option D.
Q9.SSC 2019
The statements beloware followed by two conclusionslabeled I and II. Assuming that the information in the statements is true. even if it appears to be at variance with generally established facts, decide which conclusion(s) logically and definitely follow(s) from the information given in the statements.
Statements:
Some shirts are socks.
No sock is red.
Conclusion:
I. Some socks are shirts.
II. No shirt is red.
- Only conclusion II follows
- Only conclusion I follows
- Either conclusion I or II follows
- Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Show solution
Given the statements:
Some shirts are socks.
No sock is red.
Conclusion I: Some socks are shirts: This follows as stated.
Conclusion II: No shirt is red: This does not follow as we cannot conclude that.
Thus, only conclusion II follows.
Correct option: B

— worked solution by Athena AI
Q10.SSC 2019
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
I. All T are M.
II. No T is P.
Conclusions:
I. No P is M.
II. Some M are T.
- None of the conclusions follows.
- Only conclusion I follows.
- Both conclusions I and II follow.
- Only conclusion II follows.
Show solution
Conclusion: I. No P is M.
There is not any direct relationship between P and M. So the given conclusion does not follow.
Conclusion: II. Some M are T.
From the given Venn diagram, the given conclusion follows.
Only conclusion II follows.
Q11.SSC 2019
Two statements are given, followed by three conclusions numbered I, II, and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some caps are shirts.
Some shirts are coats .
Conclusions:
I. No coat is cap.
II. No coat is shirt.
III. Some coats are caps.
- Either conclusion II or III follow.
- Conclusions II and III follow.
- Either conclusion I or III follow.
- Conclusions I and II follow.
Show solution
Conclusion: I. No coat is cap.
There is not any negative relationship given between 'coat' and 'cap'. So the given conclusion does not follow.
Conclusion: II. No coat is shirt.
'Some coat is shirt.' is given in the statement. So the given conclusion is not possible.
Conclusion: III. Some coats are caps.
There is not any direct relationship between 'coats' and 'caps'. So the given conclusion does not follow.

But here conclusions I and III are making an either-or case where at a time one conclusion is possible.
Hence option (c) is the correct answer.
Q12.SSC 2018
In the question three statements are given, followed by three conclusions, I, II and III. You have to consider the statements to be true even if it seems to be at variance from commonly known facts. You have to decide which of the given conclusions, if any, follows from the given statements.

Statement I: All lakes are pools
Statement II: No tanks are pools
Statement III: Some seas are lakes

Conclusion I: Some seas are pools
Conclusion II: Some tanks are lakes
Conclusion III: No lakes are tanks
- Only conclusions I and II follow
- Only conclusions II and III follow
- Only conclusions I and III follow
- All conclusions I, II and III follow
Show solution
The basic diagram for the given statements is
I. Some seas are pools
From the basic diagram, some seas are pools. Hence conclusion I follows.
II. Some tanks are lakes
From the basic diagram, no tanks are lakes. Hence conclusion II do not follow.
III. No lakes are tanks
From the basic diagram, no lakes are tanks. Hence conclusion III follows.
$\therefore\$ Only conclusions I and III follows the given statements.
Hence, the correct answer is Option C

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SSC CGL Syllogisms Questions & Solutions

Q1.SSC 2024

In the following question below are given some statements followed by some conclusions based on those statements .
Taking the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusion logically follows the given statements.

Statements:
I. Some H are R.
II. No P are H.

Conclusions:
I. Some P are H.
II. Some R are not P.

Both conclusions I and II follows
Only conclusion II follows
Only conclusion I follows
Neither conclusion follows

Show solution

Given statements: I. Some H are R. II. No P are H.
Conclusion I: Some P are H - This does not follow because if no P are H, then some P cannot be H.
Conclusion II: Some R are not P - This follows because if some H are R and no P are H, then it implies some R must not be P.

Thus, only conclusion II follows.

— worked solution by Athena AI

Q2.SSC 2023

Two statements are given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.

Statements:
All black is white.
Some white is grey.

Conclusions:
I. Some grey is black.
II. Some white is black.

Only conclusion I follows
Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Only conclusion II follows
Both conclusions I and II follow

Show solution

Given statements: All black is white. Some white is grey.

Conclusions:

I. Some grey is black. (This is not true since all black is white, and some white is grey does not imply any grey is black.)

II. Some white is black. (This is true since all black is included in white.)

Only conclusion II follows. Therefore, the correct option is C.

— worked solution by Athena AI

Q3.SSC 2023

In this question, three statements are given, followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follows/follow from the statements.

Statements:
I. Some rooms are cages.
II. Some cages are enclosures.
III. All enclosures are houses.

Conclusions:
I. Some houses are cages.
II. All rooms are enclosures.

Both conclusions I and II follow
Only conclusion I follows
Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Only conclusion II follows

Show solution

Given statements: Some rooms are cages, some cages are enclosures, and all enclosures are houses.

Conclusion I: Some houses are cages. This follows since some cages are enclosures which are houses.

Conclusion II: All rooms are enclosures. This does not follow as only some rooms are cages.

Thus, only Conclusion I follows. The correct option is B.

— worked solution by Athena AI

Q4.SSC 2021

Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some cards are postcards.
Some cards are envelopes.
All envelopes are copies.
Conclusions:
I. Some copies are envelopes.
II. Some postcards are copies.
III. Some cards are copies.

Only conclusions II and III follow
Only conclusions I and II follow
Only conclusion I follows
Only conclusions I and III follow

Show solution

Given statements:

Some cards are postcards. Some cards are envelopes. All envelopes are copies.

Conclusion I: Some copies are envelopes. (Follows; since all envelopes are copies.)

Conclusion II: Some postcards are copies. (Does not follow; we cannot conclude this directly.)

Conclusion III: Some cards are copies. (Does not follow; we cannot conclude this directly.)

Thus, only conclusion I follows. The correct option is D.

— worked solution by Athena AI

Q5.SSC 2021

Two statements are given followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.

Statements:
All pigeons are crows.
No crow is a bird.

Conclusions:
I. Some crows are pigeons.
II. Some pigeons are birds.
III. No pigeon is a bird

Only conclusions I and II follow.
Either conclusion II or III follows.
Only conclusions I and III follow
Only conclusions II and III follow.

Show solution

Given statements: All pigeons are crows and no crow is a bird.

Conclusion I: Some crows are pigeons - follows as all pigeons are indeed crows.

Conclusion II: Some pigeons are birds - does not follow as no crow is a bird.

Conclusion III: No pigeon is a bird - follows since all pigeons are crows and no crow is a bird.

Thus, only conclusions I and III follow.

— worked solution by Athena AI

Q6.SSC 2021

Two statements are given, followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming
the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known
facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All papers are scissors.
Some scissors are stones.
Conclusions:
I. All scissors are papers.
II. Some stones are scissors.

Both conclusions I and II follow.
Only conclusion II follows.
Only conclusion I follows.
Neither conclusion I nor II follows.

Show solution

Given:

1. All papers are scissors.

2. Some scissors are stones.

Conclusion I: All scissors are papers - does not follow as it contradicts the possibility of some scissors being stones.

Conclusion II: Some stones are scissors - follows from statement 2.

Thus, only conclusion II follows. Therefore, the correct option is B.

— worked solution by Athena AI

Q7.SSC 2021

Three statements are followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true even if they do not conform to real-world knowledge, decide which of the conclusions logically follows/follow from the statements.

Statements:
1. All uncles are relatives.
2. Some relatives are neighbours.
3. All neighbours are employed.

Conclusions:
I. Some neighbours are uncles.
II. Some uncles are employed.
III. Some relatives are employed.

Only conclusions I and II follow
Only conclusions II and III follow
Only conclusion III follows
Only conclusion I follows

Show solution

From the statements, we know that all uncles are relatives, some relatives are neighbours, and all neighbours are employed. Therefore:

Conclusion I: Some neighbours are uncles (Not necessarily true).

Conclusion II: Some uncles are employed (Not necessarily true).

Conclusion III: Some relatives are employed (True, as some relatives are neighbours who are employed).

Thus, the correct option is C: Only conclusion III follows.

— worked solution by Athena AI

Q8.SSC 2020

Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
1. All toys are pens.
2. All games are pens.
Conclusions:
I. No toy is a game.
II. No pen is a game.
III. Some toys are games.

Only conclusionsI and II follow.
Only conclusions II and III follow.
All conclusionsI, II and III follow.
Either conclusion I or III follows.

Show solution

From Venn diagram,
Either conclusion I or III follows.
$\therefore$ The correct answer is option D.

Q9.SSC 2019

The statements beloware followed by two conclusionslabeled I and II. Assuming that the information in the statements is true. even if it appears to be at variance with generally established facts, decide which conclusion(s) logically and definitely follow(s) from the information given in the statements.
Statements:
Some shirts are socks.
No sock is red.
Conclusion:
I. Some socks are shirts.
II. No shirt is red.

Only conclusion II follows
Only conclusion I follows
Either conclusion I or II follows
Neither conclusion I nor II follows

Show solution

Given the statements:

Some shirts are socks.

No sock is red.

Conclusion I: Some socks are shirts: This follows as stated.

Conclusion II: No shirt is red: This does not follow as we cannot conclude that.

Thus, only conclusion II follows.

Correct option: B

— worked solution by Athena AI

Q10.SSC 2019

Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
I. All T are M.
II. No T is P.
Conclusions:
I. No P is M.
II. Some M are T.

None of the conclusions follows.
Only conclusion I follows.
Both conclusions I and II follow.
Only conclusion II follows.

Show solution

Conclusion: I. No P is M.

There is not any direct relationship between P and M. So the given conclusion does not follow.

Conclusion: II. Some M are T.

From the given Venn diagram, the given conclusion follows.

Only conclusion II follows.

Q11.SSC 2019

Two statements are given, followed by three conclusions numbered I, II, and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some caps are shirts.
Some shirts are coats .
Conclusions:
I. No coat is cap.
II. No coat is shirt.
III. Some coats are caps.

Either conclusion II or III follow.
Conclusions II and III follow.
Either conclusion I or III follow.
Conclusions I and II follow.

Show solution

Conclusion: I. No coat is cap.

There is not any negative relationship given between 'coat' and 'cap'. So the given conclusion does not follow.

Conclusion: II. No coat is shirt.

'Some coat is shirt.' is given in the statement. So the given conclusion is not possible.

Conclusion: III. Some coats are caps.

There is not any direct relationship between 'coats' and 'caps'. So the given conclusion does not follow.

But here conclusions I and III are making an either-or case where at a time one conclusion is possible.

Hence option (c) is the correct answer.

Q12.SSC 2018

In the question three statements are given, followed by three conclusions, I, II and III. You have to consider the statements to be true even if it seems to be at variance from commonly known facts. You have to decide which of the given conclusions, if any, follows from the given statements.

Statement I: All lakes are pools
Statement II: No tanks are pools
Statement III: Some seas are lakes

Conclusion I: Some seas are pools
Conclusion II: Some tanks are lakes
Conclusion III: No lakes are tanks

Only conclusions I and II follow
Only conclusions II and III follow
Only conclusions I and III follow
All conclusions I, II and III follow

Show solution

The basic diagram for the given statements is

I. Some seas are pools

From the basic diagram, some seas are pools. Hence conclusion I follows.

II. Some tanks are lakes

From the basic diagram, no tanks are lakes. Hence conclusion II do not follow.

III. No lakes are tanks

From the basic diagram, no lakes are tanks. Hence conclusion III follows.

$\therefore\$ Only conclusions I and III follows the given statements.

Hence, the correct answer is Option C

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